Uterine Fibroids Explained: Do You Need Treatment? Signs, Causes and Treatment Options in Dwarka
Have your periods become heavier than usual? Do you experience pelvic pressure, discomfort in your lower abdomen, or a frequent need to urinate? These symptoms can be frustrating, especially when they begin to affect your work, sleep, or daily activities.
One possible cause is uterine fibroids. Although the word "growth" inside the uterus may sound frightening, fibroids are usually non-cancerous. Some women experience noticeable symptoms, while others may have fibroids for years without knowing it.
The good news is that not every uterine fibroid requires treatment. The right approach depends on several factors, including the size, number and location of the fibroids, your symptoms, your age, and whether you plan to become pregnant.
If you are looking for a gynaecologist in Dwarka, understanding uterine fibroids and their treatment options can help you make informed decisions about your reproductive health.
What Are Uterine Fibroids?
Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus, the organ where a baby grows during pregnancy. They are also known as leiomyomas or myomas and are made up of muscle and connective tissue.
Imagine the uterus as a muscular room. Fibroids are like lumps that develop within its walls, on its outer surface, or just beneath its inner lining. Depending on their location and size, they may cause no problems or affect menstrual periods, bladder function, and fertility.
Fibroids can be as small as a pea or grow large enough to change the shape of the uterus. Having fibroids does not mean you have cancer, and most uterine fibroids are benign.
What Are the Different Types of Uterine Fibroids?
Doctors classify uterine fibroids according to where they develop in or around the uterus.
1. Intramural Fibroids
These fibroids grow within the muscular wall of the uterus. Depending on their size, they may cause heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic discomfort, or a feeling of pressure.
2. Submucosal Fibroids
These fibroids grow towards the inner cavity of the uterus. They may cause heavy periods and can sometimes affect fertility or pregnancy.
3. Subserosal Fibroids
These fibroids develop on the outer surface of the uterus. Larger growths may press against nearby organs, including the bladder or rectum.
4. Pedunculated Fibroids
These fibroids are attached to the uterus by a narrow stalk. They may grow on the outer surface or towards the inner cavity of the uterus.
The location of a fibroid can be just as important as its size when your gynaecologist recommends a treatment plan.
What Causes Uterine Fibroids?
There is no single confirmed cause of uterine fibroids. Researchers believe their development is associated with hormonal influences and other biological factors.
Oestrogen and progesterone, two hormones involved in the menstrual cycle, appear to influence fibroid growth. This may help explain why fibroids commonly develop during the reproductive years and often shrink after menopause.
Factors associated with an increased likelihood of developing uterine fibroids include:
- Family history: Having close family members with fibroids may increase your risk.
- Reproductive age: Fibroids commonly develop during the years when pregnancy is possible.
- Hormonal influences: Changes in reproductive hormones may affect fibroid growth.
- Genetic and biological factors: Certain genetic differences and biological processes may contribute to their development.
Having one or more risk factors does not mean you will definitely develop fibroids. Similarly, women without recognised risk factors can also develop them.
What Are the Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids?
Some women with uterine fibroids experience no symptoms at all. Others notice changes that gradually begin to interfere with their daily lives.
Common symptoms include:
Heavy or Prolonged Menstrual Bleeding
Your periods may become heavier or last longer than usual. You may also need to change sanitary pads more frequently.
Pelvic Pressure or Pain
You may experience a persistent feeling of heaviness, pressure, or discomfort in your lower abdomen.
Frequent Urination
A fibroid pressing against the bladder may make you feel the need to urinate more often than usual.
Constipation
Larger fibroids may press against the rectum, sometimes causing difficulty passing stools.
Lower Back Pain
Depending on their size and location, fibroids may contribute to lower back discomfort.
Pain During Sexual Intercourse
Some fibroids may cause pain during sex, depending on their position and their effect on surrounding structures.
Difficulty Getting Pregnant
Certain fibroids, particularly those that affect the inner cavity of the uterus, may interfere with conception or pregnancy outcomes.
Anaemia Due to Heavy Bleeding
Heavy menstrual bleeding caused by fibroids can lead to iron-deficiency anaemia. Symptoms may include tiredness, weakness, headaches, dizziness, and shortness of breath.
When Should You See a Doctor?
Consider consulting a gynaecologist if your periods become significantly heavier, you experience persistent pelvic discomfort, or you notice changes in your urinary habits.
Seek urgent medical attention if you experience very heavy bleeding accompanied by dizziness, fainting, significant weakness, or sudden severe pelvic pain.
How Are Uterine Fibroids Diagnosed?
Diagnosing uterine fibroids usually begins with a discussion about your symptoms, menstrual history, medical background, and plans for future pregnancy.
Your gynaecologist may perform a physical examination and recommend tests to understand whether fibroids are present and how they may be affecting your health.
Pelvic Ultrasound
A pelvic ultrasound uses sound waves to identify fibroids and assess their size, number, and location.
Transvaginal Ultrasound
When appropriate and acceptable to the patient, a transvaginal ultrasound provides detailed images of the uterus using a probe inserted into the vagina.
Blood Tests
A complete blood count may help identify anaemia caused by heavy menstrual bleeding.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
An MRI may be recommended when more detailed information about the fibroids is needed, particularly before certain procedures or surgeries.
Additional Tests
Other investigations may be suggested if a fibroid affects the uterine cavity or further assessment is necessary.
Not every woman needs all these tests. Your gynaecologist will recommend investigations based on your symptoms, examination findings, and individual circumstances.
Do You Need Treatment for Uterine Fibroids?
No, not every uterine fibroid requires immediate treatment.
If your fibroids are small, do not cause troublesome symptoms, and are not creating other health concerns, your doctor may recommend monitoring them rather than treating them straight away.
The choice of treatment depends on your symptoms, the size and location of the fibroids, your overall health, and whether you wish to have children in the future.
1. Watchful Waiting and Regular Monitoring
If your fibroids are not causing significant symptoms, your gynaecologist may recommend regular check-ups.
Depending on your individual situation, these may include symptom reviews, physical examinations, or follow-up ultrasounds.
This approach avoids unnecessary treatment while allowing your doctor to monitor any important changes.
2. Medicines to Manage Symptoms
Medicines may help control heavy menstrual bleeding, period pain, and other symptoms associated with fibroids.
Depending on your health needs, treatment options may include hormonal medicines, other medicines to control bleeding, or treatments that temporarily reduce fibroid size.
It is important to understand that medicines do not eliminate every fibroid. Some treatments primarily manage symptoms, while others may be used temporarily or before surgery.
Your gynaecologist can explain the benefits, limitations, and possible side effects of each option.
3. Minimally Invasive Procedures
Certain procedures may help reduce fibroid-related symptoms without requiring major surgery.
One example is uterine artery embolisation, which reduces the blood supply to the fibroids and can cause them to shrink.
Other procedures may be suitable depending on the location of the fibroids, the facilities available, and your future pregnancy plans.
If you wish to become pregnant, discuss the potential effects of any procedure on fertility and future pregnancy outcomes with your specialist before making a decision.
4. Surgery for Uterine Fibroids
Surgery may be considered when fibroids cause significant symptoms, other treatments have not provided sufficient relief, or the fibroids affect fertility or quality of life.
Myomectomy
Myomectomy is a procedure that removes fibroids while preserving the uterus. It may be considered for women who wish to retain their uterus or plan to become pregnant in the future. Pregnancy outcomes depend on individual circumstances, including the location and characteristics of the fibroids and the type of surgery performed.
Hysterectomy
Hysterectomy involves removing the uterus and is a definitive treatment for uterine fibroids. It may be considered when symptoms are significant and other options have been discussed, particularly for women who do not wish to become pregnant in the future.
The most suitable treatment is not necessarily the most intensive one. It is the approach that best addresses your symptoms, health needs, and personal priorities.
Meet the Expert: Dr. Swati Jain
When dealing with a gynaecological concern, it is important to consult a doctor who listens to your symptoms, explains your options, and helps you understand the next steps.
Dr. Swati Jain, a specialist in Obstetrics and Gynaecology and a laparoscopic surgeon at Aakash Healthcare Super Speciality Hospital in Dwarka, provides gynaecological care for women at different stages of life.
For women experiencing heavy periods, pelvic pain, or concerns about uterine fibroids, a consultation can help clarify the possible cause of their symptoms and determine whether monitoring, medication, or a procedure may be appropriate.
The aim is to understand your condition, explain the available options, and develop a treatment plan that considers your health needs and future pregnancy plans.
Before starting treatment, ask your doctor about the expected benefits, potential risks, recovery period, and available alternatives.
What Is the Typical Treatment Journey for Uterine Fibroids?
Every woman's experience with uterine fibroids is different. The treatment journey generally involves the following stages.
| Stage | What Happens | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Initial consultation | Discussion about symptoms, medical history, and future pregnancy plans | Understand your individual needs |
| Assessment | Physical examination, ultrasound, and blood tests when required | Identify fibroids and assess their effects |
| Treatment planning | Discussion of monitoring, medicines, and procedures | Select a suitable management approach |
| Treatment or observation | Follow the agreed treatment or monitoring plan | Manage symptoms or track changes |
| Follow-up | Review symptoms, recovery, or scan results as needed | Assess progress and adjust the plan if necessary |
Recovery time depends on the treatment selected. Monitoring and medical management generally do not require the same recovery period as surgery. Recovery following a procedure or operation varies according to its type and complexity.
Frequently Asked Questions About Uterine Fibroids
1. Are uterine fibroids cancerous?
Uterine fibroids are usually non-cancerous growths and are different from cancer of the uterus. Having fibroids does not mean you have cancer. However, unusual symptoms or changes should be evaluated by a doctor rather than automatically attributed to fibroids.
2. Can uterine fibroids go away on their own?
Some fibroids shrink naturally after menopause. Others may remain stable for years, while some may grow. Changes vary from person to person, so follow-up should be based on your symptoms and your doctor's advice.
3. Can I get pregnant if I have uterine fibroids?
Yes, many women with uterine fibroids can become pregnant. However, fibroids that change the shape of the uterine cavity or affect its function may influence fertility or pregnancy outcomes. Your gynaecologist can help determine whether treatment may be appropriate before you try to conceive.
4. How do I know if my fibroids need surgery?
Surgery may be considered when fibroids cause significant symptoms, complications, or certain fertility-related concerns. Your doctor will assess their size and location, your response to other treatments, and whether you plan to become pregnant in the future.
5. Can uterine fibroids cause heavy periods and anaemia?
Yes, uterine fibroids can cause heavy menstrual bleeding, which may lead to iron-deficiency anaemia. If you experience persistent tiredness, weakness, dizziness, or shortness of breath alongside heavy periods, consult a doctor. A blood test can help determine whether anaemia is present.
6. Which doctor should I consult for uterine fibroids in Dwarka?
A qualified gynaecologist can evaluate your symptoms, recommend appropriate investigations, and discuss suitable treatment options.
Women in Dwarka can consider consulting Dr. Swati Jain at Aakash Healthcare Super Speciality Hospital to discuss their symptoms and understand the available management options.
Your Next Steps: Consult a Gynaecologist in Dwarka
You do not have to ignore unusually heavy periods, persistent pelvic pressure, or changes in your reproductive health. A timely gynaecological assessment can help identify the cause of your symptoms and determine whether treatment is necessary.
If you are experiencing symptoms that may be related to uterine fibroids, consider consulting Dr. Swati Jain at Aakash Healthcare Super Speciality Hospital, Dwarka, for an individual assessment and guidance on available treatment options.
Contact Details
Doctor: Dr. Swati Jain
Speciality: Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Hospital: Aakash Healthcare Super Speciality Hospital
Phone: 097251 56039
Address: Road No. 201, Block G, Dwarka Sector 3, Matiala, New Delhi, Delhi – 110059.